The maximum limit of open files per process can be limited by setting a hard limit and/or a soft limit. The hard limit can be set by the system administrator and be decreased by any user, whereas the soft limit can be set by any user, up to the hard limit. This document describes the various methods available in Solaris 10 and Solaris 11 for setting the limit for the maximum number of open files per process.
Types of limits
1. hard limit : The hard limit (/etc/system parameter rlim_fd_max or the privileged level of resource control process.max-file-descriptor) is the limit for the maximum number of open files per process which is set by the system administrator. It is meant to be the upper limit for all processes running on a system (when using rlim_fd_max) or in a project (when using the resource control). Any user can decrease the hard limit but not increase it.
2. soft limit : The soft limit (/etc/system parameter rlim_fd_cur or the basic level of resource control process.max-file-descriptor) can be set by any user, up to the hard limit.
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